How the brain decides to punish or not

Oksana Zinchenko, Research Fellow at the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, has conducted a meta-analysis of 17 articles to find out which areas of the brain are involved in decision-making for rendering social punishment. It would appear that in the case of both victims of violations as well as witnesses, punishment decisions activate the brain regions responsible for focusing […]

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Fetal nicotine exposure harms breathing in infants

Exposure to nicotine during development inhibits the function of neurons controlling the tongue, according to research in newborn rats recently published in eNeuro. This impairment may be a factor in sudden infant death syndrome in humans. The hypoglossal nerve activates the muscles of the tongue. Wollman et al. exposed rats to nicotine in the womb and during the first few […]

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Scientists identify protein that promotes brain metastasis

A protein that breast, lung and other cancers use to promote their spread—or metastasis—to the brain, has been identified by a team led by Weill Cornell Medicine and New York-Presbyterian investigators. The protein, CEMIP, will now be a focus of efforts to predict, prevent and treat brain metastases, which are a frequent cause of cancer deaths. In their study, published […]

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Surprising meaning behind the pineapple explained

Many people know that pineapples are synonymous with hospitality, but a new report reveals their surprising second meaning: the tropical fruit have become a symbol of hope and camaraderie for couples trying to conceive via in virtro fertilization (IVF). As The New York Times writes, pineapple emojis and hashtags like #pineappletribe are used as a secret language of support on social media, and featured on […]

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