Skip to: What is Testosterone Replacement Therapy? What are the Benefits of TRT? What are the Risks of TRT? Testosterone plays a vital role in the human body. Its effects increase muscle and bone strength and density, induce hematopoiesis, and drive libido and sexual function. Testicular production of testosterone typically declines with age, which can result in its beneficial effects […]
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An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and kills the body’s own cells. With the advance in translational research, it is now possible to treat people with autoimmune disorders via targeted and personalized medicines. Image Credit: Kateryna Kon/Shutterstock.com What is an autoimmune disease? The immune system is designed to protect the body from harmful substances, such as […]
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Skip to: What does research say? Energy drinks and physical activities Global reports on energy drinks Image Credit: Photographee.eu / Shutterstock Energy drinks have become increasingly popular among youth these days and that makes the study of their effects on human health very important. In 2014, the global sales of energy drinks reached about US$49.9 billion and the energy drinks […]
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Reactive arthritis (also called “Reiter syndrome”) is a painful inflammatory joint disease. The condition is relatively rare and is more common in men in their twenties and thirties. Inflammation occurs as a result of bacterial infection of the genitals or colon; however, it may take several weeks for the bacterial infection to transform into reactive arthritis. Some common pathogens include […]
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Sleep plays an important role in maintaining a healthy body, with its link to the immune system and fighting off disease becoming increasingly appreciated. Healthy sleeping habits can help both prevent and overcome infections as sleep is associated with the production and release of various substances such as proteins and protein agonists. Image Credit: Gorondenkoff/Shutterstock.com Preventing infections Lacking sufficient sleep […]
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What is acne? Acne vulgaris (AV) is a skin disease that is caused by an overgrowth of the Propionibacterium acnes commensal skin bacterium. The symptoms of AV include non-inflammatory lesions, inflammatory lesions, and varying degrees of scarring to the pilosebaceous unit (composed of the hair follicle and its associated muscles and glands). The symptoms of acne vary greatly depending on […]
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One of the most common persistent symptoms of post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) is that of frequent headaches, also known as post-traumatic headache (PTH). These headaches can impair normal daily function and can make concentration or remembering things difficult. Image Credit: peterschreiber.media / Shutterstock.com Headaches after TBI PTHs develop within a week of trauma, and most cases of PTH tend to […]
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Heartburn can be the result of a wide variety of foods and stressors. Different people react to different things in different ways. Thus, the following discussion is not meant to point to a uniform list of triggers, but to indicate some potential substances and situations that may increase the risk of bringing on this uncomfortable or even painful condition. In […]
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Skip to: What is hyperglycemia? What causes hyperglycemia? What are the symptoms? How to prevent hyperglycemia? Hyperglycemia is a medical condition characterized by high blood glucose levels. The condition is primarily caused by significantly lower blood insulin levels or improper functioning of insulin. What is hyperglycemia? Hyperglycemia is characterized by fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels of more than […]
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What is Optical Coherence Tomography? Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method of optical imaging. It can be used in clinical situations to aid with the diagnosis of diseases in many organs such as the retina, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, or gynecologic organs. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) image of eye in the patient. Image Credit: Chaiwut Siriphithakwong / […]
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