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<img class="aligncenter" src="https://scx1.b-cdn.net/csz/news/800a/2022/equine-hepatitis-virus-1.jpg"
alt="Equine hepatitis viruses help us understand human hepatitis C"
title="Cohort and study design. (A) For this study, we monitored five naturally infected horses for up to 94 weeks. Two of the horses cleared the infection within 8 weeks (horse A–B) and three horses were persistently infected (horse C–E) as indicated by RNA copy numbers (Loq, limit of quantification). (B) The serum of horse C, ibuprofen bnf week 3 (red dot), was used to inoculate four EqHV-naïve equids which all developed an acute infection (horse F–I). Cohort A and B were previously characterized in (Pfaender et al. 2015, 2017). (C) Furthermore, we analyzed the course of HCV infection in one acutely infected patient (patient J) and two chronically HCV-infected patients (K, L). Patient K received interferon and was monitored until sampling week 242. Patient L denied treatment and was monitored for 319 weeks. (D) Schematical representation of the structure of hepaciviruses. The genomic region for the surface glycoproteins E1 and E2 was PCR-amplified, and the amplicons were deep-sequenced with a mean coverage of 5.3 × 10<sup>4</sup> (±SD 3.1 × 10<sup>4</sup>) (see Supplementary Figure S1). In parts created with www.biorender.com. Credit: DOI: 10.1093/ve/veac007″ width=”800″ height=”418″>
More than 70 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The disease is treatable, but it is often not recognized. In 80% of cases, it takes chronic courses and can lead to liver damage and even liver cancer. So far, there is no effective vaccine. “The reason why the disease often doesn’t clear up is that the virus is constantly changing and thus escapes the immune system,” explains Dr. Daniel Todt from the RUB Virology Department. “The immune system forms antibodies that always lag behind the virus for a while and have the ability to combat a variant that was in the body about two weeks before.” This evolution of the virus within the host is therefore of particular interest to the researchers.
To date, there have been no suitable models to deal with these questions in animal experiments. In their quest for a so-called surrogate model for research into the human hepatitis C virus, the scientists analyzed samples from horses that were taken in cooperation with the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (TiHo). “If you compare hepatitis viruses that can infect different species, it is striking that the human virus and the virus that is infectious for horses are genetically close relatives,” explains André Gömer, Ph.D. student at the TiHo Research Training Group VIPER and lead author of the paper. The researchers analyzed the surface proteins of viruses from humans and horses in the course of infection and compared the results.
A better understanding of the virus’ tactics
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