Finasteride is an anti-androgen agent used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and male pattern baldness. Some of the brand names finasteride is sold under include Proscar, Fincar, Propecia, Finpecia, Finast, Finax, Finara, Finalo and Prosteride. How does it work? Finasteride works by inhibiting type II 5-alpha reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This converted form of testosterone stimulates […]
Continue reading »
A wide range of medications are used to treat various heart conditions. Some examples of the drugs used in cardiovascular medicine include: Anticoagulants or blood thinners – These agents prevent coagulation or clotting of the blood. Injectable forms of anticoagulants include dalteparin, enoxaparin, tinzaparin and heparin. Warfarin is a commonly used blood thinner that can be taken in the form […]
Continue reading »
The human brain is comprised of 1011 neurons. Neurons are nerve cells that carry information to and from the nervous system to the various organs and systems of the body. These neurons are not distributed uniformly but have common mechanisms of signalling and organization. Neurons form circuits that have several levels of organization and form subsystems. The human brain is […]
Continue reading »
The human eye is a wonder of engineering. It consists of many different parts that work together to provide visual information to the brain, which then translates it into information that is useful to the body. Parts of the eye 1. The cornea The first step in this complex process occurs when light passes through the clear slightly convex cornea […]
Continue reading »
Granuloma inguinale (also known as donovanosis) represents a granulomatous, slowly progressive ulcerative disease that is caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (recently reclassified as Klebsiella granulomatis comb. nov.). The disease may persist for years and lead to serious complications. The diagnosis is often made on clinical grounds due to the fastidious nature of the causative agent. Clinically, the condition has to be […]
Continue reading »
Warts (also known as verrucae when appearing on hands and feet) are benign epidermal proliferations caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) that are common in the general population at some point in life. Warts can vary in size, appearance, shape, and treatment response, depending on the type of epithelium affected. Warts can be categorized into different types. For example, common […]
Continue reading »
Penicillin is a widely used antibiotic prescribed to treat staphylococci and streptococci bacterial infections. Penicillin belongs to the beta-lactam family of antibiotics, the members of which use a similar mechanism of action to inhibit bacterial cell growth that eventually kills the bacteria. Bacteria cells are surrounded by a protective envelope called the cell wall. One of the primary components of […]
Continue reading »
Cancer has a complex Pathophysiology. Pathologists are physicians who are concerned primarily with the study of disease in all its aspects. This includes cause of the disease, diagnosis, how the disease develops (pathogenesis), mechanism and natural course of the disease. They also deal with biochemical features, progression, and prognosis or outcome of the disease. Pathology of cancers and other complex […]
Continue reading »
The treatment of melanoma may involve surgery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or a combination of several treatment techniques. Each of these treatments is outlined below. Surgery The initial treatment of melanoma involves the surgical removal of the tumor in almost all cases. A local excision is made with a wide circumference around the affected area, removing all of […]
Continue reading »
by Lana Barhum Research finds a majority of people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are also vitamin D deficient and deficiency may worsen RA symptom severity. The most common causes of vitamin D deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis patients are insufficient intake of vitamin D from food sources, limited exposure to sunlight, and having a disorder that limits the body’s ability to […]
Continue reading »