Most food poisonings manifest within the first 2 to 6 hours after consumption of contaminated food or water. This is called the incubation period and may be longer or shorter depending upon the cause of infection. General symptoms of food poisoning The common general symptoms include (1-5) – Abdominal cramps and pain Nausea and vomiting Headache Weakness that may be […]
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Acute kidney failure, also known as acute renal failure, involves a sudden decline in the function of the kidneys. As the kidneys usually play an important role in the regulation of fluid and electrolytes in the blood and body, acute kidney failure can lead to electrolyte disturbances that may cause symptoms or complications. © phugunfire / Shutterstock.com This article will […]
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Many patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are less physically active and have reduced physical functioning and performance compared to the general population. However, strong scientific research suggests that exercise interventions have the potential to improve several health parameters and outcomes in CKD patients. Exercise is defined as a planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement to improve or maintain a […]
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Swine flu is caused by a variant strain of influenza virus. It is termed H1N1 2009 after the 2009 pandemic in which it caused infection millions worldwide. Image Credit: cliplab / Shutterstock.com Swine flu symptoms According to the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) the symptoms of swine flu are similar to other influenza infections. It causes infection and inflammation of the […]
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Nutraceuticals are products isolated from foods that are generally sold in medicinal forms. They are defined as any food (or part thereof) which provides health benefits – including prevention and treatment of disease – in addition to the basic nutritional value found in foodstuff. Nutraceuticals are of particular interest as a way to reduce the expensive, high-tech disease treatment approaches […]
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The treatment decision for kidney stones is based on the stone type, severity of the condition, and duration of the symptoms in patients. Though plenty of treatment options are available, the procedure that best suits an individual should be discussed to help improving efficacy of treatment and patient outcomes. Non-Surgical Procedure A waiting period of about 4–6 weeks is considered […]
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Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease that is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Credit: Rost9/Shutterstock.com SMA is a neuromuscular disease that has the following clinical characteristics: Degeneration of lower motor neurons in the spinal cord motor (anterior horn neurons) and the brain nuclei Skeletal muscle atrophy due to loss of innervation, mostly proximal limb muscles Generalized symmetrical […]
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The lithotomy position is a commonly used position in urologic, gynecologic and proctologic examinations and procedures, but is most well-known because of its widespread adoption in obstetrics. The name of the position goes back to its original use to visualize the perineal area in order to make incisions in this region to gain access for bladder stone extraction. Technique and […]
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Esophageal cancer treatment is dependent on the staging of the cancer. If the cancer has not spread surgery is the treatment of choice. Surgery aims to remove the cancer. Other modalities of therapy like radiation therapy and chemotherapy are also of use in oesophageal cancer. Combining these therapies is also applied at times to ease the surgery and improve the […]
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Delayed puberty is a condition that refers to the absence or late onset of sexual changes that usually occur at the age of puberty. In boys, delayed puberty is defined by the absence of testicular development by the age of 14. In girls, it is defined by the absence of breast development by the age of 13, or absence of […]
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